Snake bite problems are mostly found in the Terai and inner Terai regions of Nepal. Common
snakes found are Cobra and Krait. The venom of these snakes is neurotoxic.
Diagnostic features
History of snake bite.
Presence of fang marks on the site of bite.
Pain and burning sensation at the site of bite,
Severe pain abdomen and Vomiting.
Heaviness and/or drooping of eyelids (ptosis).
May be diplopia (doubling) and/or Blurring of vision.
Paraesthesia (numbness) around the mouth
May be haematuria (red urine).
May be bleeding from nose and gums.
Difficulty in breathing (dyspnoea).
Vertigo and excessive salivation.
Difficulty in swallowing.
Inability to move eyeballs.
First aid treatment
Tie a tourniquet above the site of bite (if in a limb); loose enough to allow one finger through it
with difficulty.
Treatment
Secure intravenous line (I.V. drip).
Inj.Anti-Snake Venom (1vial dissolved in 10ml of water for injection ) 2 vials should be given iv
stat followed by 4 vials in iv drip (NS or 5% Dextrose solution 500ml) over 4 hours of period.
For adverse effects of Anti-Snake Venom push IV InjAdrenaline or hydrocortisone succinate
100mg.
Note:
Carefully correct evaluation must be done for signs and symptoms of envenomation by poisonous
snakes before use of Anti Snake venom. If there is no poisoning, do not use ASV, because it can
cause more severe and then death of the patient.
For more detail see the treatment guideline published by Epidemiology and Disease Control
Division, DoHS,Teku.
Advice to the patient
Do not disturb or tease snakes.
Use boots or long trousers during walk or while working in the field.
Referral
Every case of snake bite must be referred to hospital.
Source : STANDARD TREATMENT PROTOCOL FOR HEALTH POSTS AND SUB HEALTH POSTS 2013,Nepal
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