Hypertension is defined as a systemic blood pressure above 140/90 mm of Hg. Untreated blood
pressure may lead to heart attack, stroke, blindness, heart failure, kidney disease.
No symptoms in 90% of patients even when BP is very high (i.e. above 160/100 mm of Hg).
Headache, giddiness (in some patients).
Blood pressure above 140/90 mm of Hg when measured repeatedly in different time and
situations.
Treatment
Life style treatment
Low salt diet, plenty of green vegetables in diet.
No smoking and tobacco use.
Regular physical exercise.
Reduction of weight, if overweight.
Alcohol restriction.
Low animal fat diet.
Drug treatment
Amlodipine 5 mg once daily. If BP does not go less than 140/90 mm of Hg add Hydro-
chlorothiazide (25 mg) once daily in the morning. If still not controlled add Atenolol (50 mg)
once daily, if there are no contraindication for beta blocker (i.e. Bradycardia, asthma, heart
block).
Advice to patient
Follow healthy life style tips.
Not to stop taking medicines without medical consultation.
Referral
Hypertension not controlled by the above treatment.
Long-standing cases of hypertension developing chest pain, shortness of breath, vision distur-
bance.
Patient developing oedema.
Breathlessness on rest.
Young patient below 30 years age.
Source :STANDARD TREATMENT PROTOCOL FOR HEALTH POSTS AND SUB HEALTH POSTS
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